United States President Donald Trump has signed an executive order launching a federal investigation into the national security implications of the country’s reliance on foreign-sourced critical minerals. The directive tasks the U.S. Commerce Department with conducting a Section 232 investigation under the Trade Expansion Act of 1962.

The probe aims to evaluate the risks posed by heavy import dependence, particularly in sectors vital to national infrastructure, technology, and defense. The administration is also considering potential trade actions, including tariffs, to boost domestic production and reduce vulnerability in strategic supply chains.

The order comes amid escalating concerns over market manipulation and export controls by foreign governments—especially China, which plays a dominant role in the global critical minerals market. Trump’s move is intended to safeguard key industries from disruptions caused by foreign trade practices that may be deemed unfair or coercive.

According to the White House, this new initiative could build on earlier trade actions taken during Trump’s presidency, including increased tariffs on steel, aluminum, and a wide range of Chinese imports. Those measures were also implemented through the authority of Section 232, which allows the president to restrict imports that threaten national security.

The investigation will focus on identifying supply chain weaknesses, evaluating domestic capabilities, and formulating policy options to secure access to critical resources. Analysts expect the outcome to influence broader trade and industrial policy decisions in the coming months.

With this executive order, President Trump signals a continued focus on economic security as a pillar of national defense, reinforcing his administration’s commitment to reshaping U.S. trade dynamics and reducing reliance on strategic foreign materials.